• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A roof access hatch is disclosed, having a cover 16 with a first metallic exterior surface 20 spaced from a first metallic interior surface 22 by a first insulation layer 24, where the first metallic exterior surface 20 is thermally isolated from the first metallic interior surface 22. A first thermal break 10 spans the insulation layer 24 and is in contact with both the metallic exterior surface 20 and the metallic interior surface 22. A frame 18 supports the cover 16. This frame 18 has a second metallic exterior surface 60 separated from a second metallic interior surface 62 by a second insulation layer, where the second metallic exterior surface 60 is thermally isolated from the second metallic interior surface by a thermal break component 10'. A non-metallic, thermally insulatinggasket 56 is disposed between the cover 16 and the frame 18.
    公开号:NL2016226A
    申请号:NL2016226
    申请日:2016-02-04
    公开日:2016-10-10
    发明作者:Xiao Ming
    申请人:The Bilco Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Hatch with Thermally Broken Frame BACKGROUND
    Disclosed herein is a hatch to be used to provide access to a flat or slightly sloped roof. More particularly, the hatch includes a plurality of thermal breaks effective to decrease the loss of heat through the hatch.
    Thermal breaks are commonly used in the frames of windows and doors because a thermal break interrupts the flow of heat thereby providing improved thermal insulation. Thermal breaks are disclosed in United States patent application publication number US 2009/0226660 Al, titled, "Heat Insulating Body for Forming Sections for Thermal Break Door and Window Frames." The thermal breaks are described as having a first aluminum part exposed externally that is separated from a second aluminum part that is exposed internally by a heat-insulating material. Generally, this heat-insulating material is a plastic, typically, a polyamide. The gap between the first aluminum part and the second aluminum part interrupts the conduction of heat between the outer part and inner part and provides the frame with a high heat-insulating power. EP 2519702 Bl, titled "Panel Assembly Comprising a Panel and a Frame" discloses a roof hatch intended to allow access to a roof. The transfer of heat between the inside of a building and outside the building is reduced by including a thermal separation between outward facing parts of the roof hatch and inward facing parts of the roof hatch. The thermal separation is a strip of insulation disposed between edges of the inner facing and outer facing parts of the roof hatch.
    There remains, however, a need for more energy efficient roof hatches.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    In one embodiment, a compound thermal break component is disclosed. This compound thermal break includes a first thermal break component that has a first metallic heat conducting portion and a second metallic heat conducting portion separated by at least one thermally insulating portion. The first metallic heat conducting portion and the second metallic heat conducting portion are generally parallel to each other in the direction of a first length-wise axis. The compound thermal break also includes a second thermal break component having a third metallic heat conducting portion and a fourth metallic heat conducting portion separated by at least one thermally insulating portion wherein the third metallic heat conducting portion and the fourth metallic heat conducting portion are generally parallel to each other in the direction of a second length-wise axis. The first length-wise axis is perpendicular to the second length-wise axis.
    In a second embodiment, a roof access hatch, which utilizes thermal breaks is disclosed. This roof access hatch has a cover with a first metallic exterior surface spaced from a first metallic interior surface by at least a first insulation layer, where the first metallic exterior surface is thermally isolated from the first metallic interior surface. A first thermal break spans the insulation layer and is in contact with both the metallic exterior surface and the metallic interior surface. A frame supports the cover. This frame has a second metallic exterior surface separated from a second metallic interior surface by at least a second insulation layer, where the second metallic exterior surface is thermally isolated from the second metallic interior surface. A non-metallic, thermally insulating gasket is disposed between the second metallic interior and exterior surfaces and the first metallic interior section.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal break component for use with the roof hatch described herein . FIG. 2 illustrates the thermal break component of Fig.l in front planar view. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a roof hatch as described herein. FIG. 4 is a side planar view of a thermal break used to provide hardware mounting to the roof hatch of Fig. 3. FIG. 5 is a bottom planar view of a first embodiment of a cover portion of the roof hatch showing thermal break components that provide hardware mounting sites preferably for use with a smaller size hatch. FIG 6 is a broken perspective view of a roof hatch showing thermal break components used for mounting hardware. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the roof hatch as described herein. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a thermal break component having a hole for mounting hardware. FIG. 9 is a bottom planar view of a second embodiment of a cover portion of the roof hatch showing thermal break components that provide structural support for stiffening, preferably for use with a larger size hatch.
    Figure 10 is a side perspective view of a frame utilizing a thermal break component to provide structural support for stiffening and to support flashing.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicated like elements.
    Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal break component 10 for use with a roof hatch as described herein. The thermal break component 10 has two parallel metallic heat conducting portions 12a, 12b separated by thermally insulating portions 14a, 14b. Preferably, the two metallic heat conducting portions 12a, 12b are formed from aluminum or an aluminum alloy, such as aluminum alloy 6063T5 (nominal composition, by weight, 0.7 Mg, 0.4 Si and the balance aluminum). As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the heat conducting portions 12a, 12b are preferably rectangular in cross-section to facilitate extrusion and attachment to roof hatch components. The heat conducting portions 12a, 12b have a thickness, t, which is sufficient to receive a hole, as seen in Fig. 8. With reference back to Fig. 1, this thickness, t, is at a minimum 2.54 mm (0.1 inch) and is preferably from 3.81 mm to 6.35 mm (0.15 inch to 0.25 inch) and most preferably is from 4.45 mm to 5.08 mm (0.175 inch to 0.20 inch) . The hole is useful to replace nuts and cover spacers when hardware is attached to the roof hatch.
    The heat conducting portions 12a, 12b have a nominal width, w, of 2.54 mm (one inch) . The thermal break component has a nominal total thickness, T, of 19.05 mm (0.75 inch) . Referring to Fig. 2, the extruded length, L, of a thermal break component 10 may be any desired length up to the full width of a roof hatch portion. The thermally insulating portions 14a, 14b are typically formed from a rigid polymer such as polyamide, for example, polyamide GF2 5 .
    Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional representation of a corner of the roof hatch illustrating a cover 16 and a frame 18 both including at least one thermal break component. As illustrated in Fig. 7, the frame 18 supports the cover 16. Hinges 50 are adjacent a first edge of the cover 16 and pivotally join the cover 16 to the frame 18. Locking handle 46 is located at an opposing second edge of the cover 16.
    Referring back to Fig. 3, the cover 16 has an exterior surface 20 and an interior surface 22 both made from a thin sheet of metal. The exterior surface 20 may be formed from 11 gauge 2.2 9 mm (0.0 90 inch thick) aluminum alloy, for example, aluminum alloy 3003 (nominal composition by weight of 1.2% Mn, 0.12% Cu and the balance Al) and the interior surface may be formed from 1.02 mm (0.04 inch) thick aluminum alloy 3003. The exterior surface 20 and the interior surface 22 are separated by insulation, such as by a first insulation layer 24 and a second insulation layer 26. The cover is designed to withstand a force of 1915 Pa (40 lbs. / ft2) or higher. To increase the strength of the exterior surface 20, a preferred option is to include one or more compound thermal break components 30 that span the thicknesses of the first 24 and second 26 insulation layers contacting and supporting the exterior surface 20 and interior surface 22.
    With reference to Fig. 4, a compound thermal break component 30 is formed by joining a first thermal break component 10 to a second thermal break component 32 in an orientation such that metallic heat conducting portions 12a, 12b and 34a, 34b do not form a continuous, uninterrupted metallic path between exterior surface 20 and interior surface 22 (Fig. 3) . As shown in Fig. 4, this is accomplished by having the length-wise axis 36 of the first thermal break component 10 be perpendicular to the lengthwise axis 38 of the second thermal break component 32. When the heat conducting portions are formed from an aluminum- base alloy, joining may be by a weld 40. The length of the second thermal break component 32 is that necessary for the compound thermal break component 30 to span the distance between exterior surface 20 and interior surface 22. In this way, metallic heat conducting portion 12b abuts the interior surface 22. This metallic heat conducting portion 12b may then be provided with a hole for mounting hardware as best shown in Figure 6.
    Any number of compound thermal break components 30 may be attached to the insulation-facing sides of the cover 16. As shown in Fig. 5, these compound thermal break components may receive mounting supports 39 for attachment of hardware, such as locking handles, attached in the cover 16. With reference to Figure 8, holes 41 are formed in one of the metallic heat contacting portions 12b of the first thermal break component 10. With reference to Figure 6, if the fastener 42 is a screw, the walls circumscribing the holes 41 may be threaded to engage the threads of the screw or smooth and slightly smaller than the diameter of a selfthreading screw. If the fastener 42 is a bolt or a rivet, the holes 41 may be smooth and enable the bolt or rivet to pass through. Fasteners 42 join hardware 44, such as locking handle 46 to the cover 16 without creating a thermal path from the exterior surface 20 to the interior surface 22. The exterior handle 47 may be rubber coated to prevent the flow of heat through the handle hardware.
    Figure 7 shows exemplary hardware that may be fastened to a first thermal break component 10, 10' (Fig. 3) located in either the cover 16 or the frame 18. For example, lock 46, compression spring 48, hinge 50, and cover support mechanism 52 (to hold the cover open) . The first thermal break component 10' is useful to replace weld nuts and back plate for mounting hardware on the frame.
    Figure 9 shows a second cover 70 in an embodiment typically for use with larger covers. Thermal break components 130 extend for an extended length along the insulation-facing side of exterior surface 20. Any number of, preferably parallel running, thermal break components 130 may be utilized. Second thermal breaks 132 are attached to span the thickness of the insulation and contact the interior surface (not shown in Figure 9). A mounting fixture 72, such as a U-shaped sheet of an aluminum alloy may be attached to select thermal break components 130 to receive holes for the mounting of hardware.
    With reference back to Figure 3, gap 55 is a thermal break between exterior surface 20 and interior surface 22 creating a thermal break without extra parts. Also, a thermally isolating elastomeric gasket 56 provides an air tight seal between the frame 18 and cover 16. Gap 54 and gap 58 thermally isolate flashing 60 from the interior surface 62 of the frame 18. Thermal break component 10' may be used to attach hardware.
    While use of the thermal break components has been described in relation to the cover, these components 10', 10'' may also be used to support and stiffen, and provide sites for hardware mounting, to the frame 18. They may also be used to support flashing 60 as shown in Figure 10.
    EXAMPLES
    The following example further illustrates the thermal transmittance of the roof access hatch described herein. The thermal transmittance of a roof access hatch of the type described in EP 2519702 ("Prior Art Hatch") was compared to the thermal transmittance of the roof access hatch disclosed herein ("Disclosed Herein Hatch"). An NPL (National Physical Laboratory - United Kingdom) rotatable wall-guarded hot-box which conforms to the requirements of BS EN ISO 8990:1996 was used.
    Measurement equipment with calibration traceable to National Standards (UK) was used with the measurement procedures defined in BS EN ISO 12567-2. This is an air-to-air method requiring no surface measurement of the structure being tested. The overall measurement uncertainty was estimated to be within ± 6.5% providing a level of confidence of approximately 95%.
    Thermal transmittance measurements were made in an NPL Rotatable Wall-Guarded Hot-Box described in NPL Report CBTLM 25. Main features of this equipment are:
    Interior dimensions of hot-box - 2.4 m x 2.4 m;
    All surfaces "seen" by the test element are matte black;
    There are twenty five air temperature sensors, 75 mm from the holder panel face, positioned at the centers of squares of equal areas in both the hot and cold boxes; and
    The heat flow direction is vertically up.
    Both the Prior Art Hatch and the Disclosed Herein Hatch utilized aluminum-base alloys for metallic components and were installed in the test apparatus to replicate thermal performance when installed on a roof in the "curb" mounting configuration. In that configuration, the entire roof hatch was above the surround panel surface - which is representative of an installation where the product is above the building envelope insulation.
    Prior Art Hatch Disclosed Herein Hatch Height of Aperture (m) 0.902 0.902
    Width of Aperture (m) 0.702 0.702
    Internal Depth (m) 0.289 0.326
    Utilizing the data from Table 1 below, the following thermal transmittance values were determined:
    Environmental Temperature Thermal Transmittance °C W/ (m2 · K)
    Prior Art Hatch 11.58 3.9
    Disclosed Herein Hatch 11.62 3.7
    The above thermal transmittance data indicates that the thermal transmittance of the Disclosed Hatch is lower (better) than that of the Prior Art Hatch.
    The U-value of a projecting product such as a roof access hatch is calculated by dividing the heat transfer across the system (measured in Watts) by the environmental temperature difference across the test element (measured in degrees K) multiplied by the area of the opening in the building envelope (measured in m2) . If the total surface area of the product (called the developed area) is used, rather than the area of the opening, a Ud value is obtained. The Ud value is a good indication of the thermal performance of the individual components that make up the product. The following Ud values were obtained:
    Prior Art Disclosed Herein Hatch Hatch
    Developed Internal Area 1.5601 m2 1.6788 m2
    Power Through Roof Hatch System 47.7830 W 44.97 W
    Environmental Temp. Difference 19.22 °C 19.28 °C
    Ud - Value 1.59 W/m2'K 1.39 W/m2'K
    The difference in Ud - Value indicates that the Ud - Value of the Disclosed Hatch is lower (12.6 % better for heat insulation) than that of the Prior Art Hatch.
    The following measured / calculated data was obtained per the above described methods used to calculate the above values :
    Table 1
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A roof access hatch, characterized by: a cover comprising a first metal outer surface (20) spaced from a first metal inner surface (22) by at least a first insulating layer (24), the first metal outer surface (20) being thermally is insulated from the first metal inner surface (20); at least a first thermal break (10) that spans the insulating layer (24) and is in contact with both the metal outer surface (20) and the metal inner surface (22); a frame (18) supporting the lid (16), the frame (18) comprising a second metal outer surface (60) separated from a second metal inner surface (62) by at least a second insulating layer, the second metal outer surface (60) is thermally insulated from the second metal inner surface (62); and a non-metallic, thermally insulating seal (56) disposed between the second inner metal surface (62) and outer surface (60) and the first inner metal surface (22).
    [2]
    A roof access hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that the first thermal break (10) comprises a first metal heat-conducting part (12a) and a second metal heat-conducting part (12b) separated by at least one thermally insulating part (14), wherein the first metal heat-conducting portion (12a) and the second metal heat-conducting portion (12b) are substantially parallel to each other in the direction of the first longitudinal axis (36); and a second thermal break component (32) with a third metal thermally conductive portion (34a) and a fourth thermally conductive portion (34b) separated by at least one thermally insulating portion, the third metal thermally conductive portion (34a) and the fourth metal thermally conductive portion (34b) being substantially parallel to each other in the direction of a second longitudinal axis (38); wherein the first longitudinal axis (36) is perpendicular to the second longitudinal axis (38).
    [3]
    Roof access hatch according to claim 2, characterized in that the third metal heat-conducting portion (34a) and the fourth metal heat-conducting portion (34b) are attached to the first metal heat-conducting portion (12a) and are thermally insulated from the second metal heat-conducting part (12b).
    [4]
    Roof access hatch according to claim 3, characterized in that the second metal heat-conducting portion (12b) borders on the first metal inner surface (22) and is provided with an opening.
    [5]
    Access hatch for a roof according to claim 4, characterized in that the walls bounding the opening are provided with wire.
    [6]
    Access hatch for a roof according to claim 4, characterized in that the hinges and locks (4 9) attached to the first metal inner surface (22) are attached via the opening.
    [7]
    Roof access hatch according to claim 6, characterized in that the hinges and locks (44) comprise a handle lock (46) adjacent to a first edge of the cover (16) and a hinge (40) adjacent to an opposite second edge of the lid (16).
    [8]
    Roof access hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that a second thermal separation component (32) is disposed between the second metal outer surface (34a) and the second metal inner surface (34b) adjacent to the thermally insulating seal (56) .
    [9]
    A roof access hatch according to claim 8, characterized in that the fourth metal heat-conducting portion (62) borders on the second metal inner surface (34b).
    [10]
    10. Access door for a roof according to claim 9, characterized in that the fourth metal heat-conducting part (62) is provided with an opening.
    [11]
    11. Access hatch for a roof according to claim 10, characterized in that the walls bounding the opening are provided with wire.
    [12]
    A roof access hatch according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of substantially parallel first thermal breaks (130, 132) span the first insulating layer (24) and are in contact with both the first metal outer surface (20) and the first metal inner surface (22).
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US14/621,796|US9670671B2|2015-02-13|2015-02-13|Hatch with thermally broken frame|
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